PREVALENCE OF PES PLANUS IN GRADE 1 OBESITY

Abstract

Pes Planus (flatfoot), characterized by the collapse of the medial longitudinal arch, is a frequently overlooked condition that can significantly affect gait, posture, and overall musculoskeletal health. With the rising prevalence of grade 1 obesity, increased mechanical stress on the foot arches has become a growing concern. Additional contributing factors such as age-related degeneration, gender-related ligament laxity, and occupational demands involving prolonged standing may further predispose individuals to this condition. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of pes planus among individuals with grade 1 obesity and to evaluate its association with body mass index (BMI), age, gender, and prolonged standing occupations. A total of 378 participants aged 19–40 years with a BMI of 30.0–34.9 kg/m² will be recruited from hospitals, local markets, and primary schools. Individuals with a history of foot surgery or neurological disorders will be excluded. Pes planus will be assessed using the navicular drop test, and data will be collected through a structured proforma. Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS version 25, with associations evaluated through the chi-square test. It is anticipated that pes planus will be highly prevalent in individuals with grade 1 obesity and significantly associated with both intrinsic factors (BMI, age, gender) and extrinsic factors (prolonged standing occupations). The findings are expected to emphasize the importance of early screening, preventive interventions, and ergonomic strategies to reduce long-term complications and improve quality of life.