Prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using 10 g Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Testing

Abstract

Peripheral neuropathy is a common and significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), often leading to loss of protective sensation and an increased risk of foot ulceration and amputation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among individuals with T2DM using the 10 g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, a simple and cost-effective screening tool. A cross-sectional design was employed, including participants with a confirmed diagnosis of T2DM. The monofilament was applied to specific plantar sites on both feet to assess sensory perception, with loss of protective sensation defined as the inability to perceive pressure at one or more sites. Findings indicate that the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ranges approximately from 26% to 35%, with a considerable proportion of patients demonstrating sensory loss. These results highlight the importance of early screening and routine assessment in diabetic patients to prevent severe complications. The study supports the use of the monofilament test as an effective method for early detection and risk stratification in clinical and community settings.